Technical Requirements for Complete Set of Equipment for Producing Concrete Panels Used in Prefabricated Building Construction
1Key Takeaways
This standard outlines the technical requirements for the production equipment used in the manufacture of concrete panels for prefabricated buildings. It covers the essential specifications and performance criteria that such equipment must meet. The document provides guidance on the design, installation, operation, and…
2Expert Interpretation
This article provides an in-depth interpretation of the national standard GB/T 45972-2025, comprehensively analyzing the technical requirements, performance indicators, safety specifications, and testing methods for complete sets of equipment for producing prefabricated concrete slabs for buildings. It also covers the technical details and implementation points for three types of production lines: flat mold lines, battery molds, and fixed molds.
Background of Standard Development and Technological Evolution
With the rapid development of prefabricated buildings in my country, the need for standardization of prefabricated concrete component production equipment is becoming increasingly urgent. The release of GB/T 45972-2025 fills a gap in the technical requirements for prefabricated concrete panel production equipment, providing the industry with unified technical specifications and acceptance criteria. This standard, proposed by the China Building Materials Federation and managed by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Building Materials Equipment, was jointly drafted by 46 organizations, including Sany Construction and Tianyi Machinery.
Classification system and technical characteristics of complete equipment
The standard divides complete equipment into three types, each type has unique technical characteristics and scope of application:
| Equipment type | Technical characteristics | Applicable products | Production capacity index | Energy consumption requirements |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flat mold production line | Horizontal arrangement of molds, circular operation | Wall panels, floor slabs | ≥20,000m³/year | ≤22kW·h/m³ |
| Bundled vertical mold production line | Vertical multi-cavity combination mold | Wall panels | ≥10000m³/year | ≤10kW·h/m³ |
| Fixed mold production line | Fixed layout mold | Wall panels, floor slabs | ≥5000m³/year | ≤5kW·h/m³ |
Detailed explanation of key technical requirements
5.1 Basic requirements
The complete equipment must be manufactured in accordance with the approved technical documents, and the welding quality must comply with JC/T 532, the painting quality must comply with JB/T 5946, and the assembly quality must comply with JB/T 5994. The hydraulic system complies with GB/T 7935, the pneumatic system complies with GB/T 7932, and the equipment labeling and packaging comply with GB/T 13306 and GB/T 13384, respectively.
5.2 Performance Requirements
Flat mold production line cycle requirements: Precast concrete wall panels ≤ 20 minutes, precast concrete floor slabs ≤ 8 minutes; battery mold production line cycle ≤ 10 hours; fixed mold production line cycle ≤ 24 hours. Annual production capacity and power consumption indicators are shown in the table above.
5.3 Modular System Technical Requirements
The mold table panel flatness error is ≤ 2mm per 3 meters, the component positioning line width is ≤ 2mm, and the positioning deviation is ≤ ±1mm. The mold placement robot must be equipped with a magnetic side mold automatic placement device, and the mold placement dimensional deviation is ≤ ±1mm. Magnetic side molds have a straightness error of ≤1mm per meter and a total error of ≤3mm. Visual quality inspection machine has an identification accuracy of ≤±2mm.
5.4 Molding System Technical Requirements
Concrete Conveyor has an adjustable travel speed of 0-100m/min and must be equipped with a vibration-assisted unloading device. Concrete Placing Boom has a static weighing deviation of ≤±1%, an adjustable travel speed of 0-30m/min, and an adjustable unloading capacity of 0.1-2.0m³/min. Vibrating Table has a continuously adjustable vibration frequency, and Turning Machine has a mold alignment deviation of ≤5mm.
5.5 Curing System Technical Requirements
The curing kiln must be insulated and should have independent temperature and humidity control functions. Heating and humidification system: Temperature control deviation ≤±5°C, humidity deviation ≤±10%. Stacker: Repeatability deviation ≤±2mm, Stacker: Stacking positioning deviation ≤5mm.
5.6 Demolding System Technical Requirements
Tipping Machine: Tipping angle 75°-85°, angular error ≤2° for each unit. Mold removal robot: Magnetic side mold visual positioning and automatic recovery device. Mold table cleaning machine: Equipped with a lifting cleaning device and a wire roller brush.
5.7 Flow System Technical Requirements
Guide straightness ≤2mm, height difference ≤2mm. Drive unit height adjustable, height difference ≤3mm at any station. The positioning deviation of the transverse shuttle shall be ≤±2mm, and the synchronization error shall be ≤3mm.
5.8 Technical Requirements for Electrical and Control Systems
The electrical system shall comply with GB/T 3797. The control system shall have automatic control, interlocking control, and remote centralized control functions. It shall support the import of design graphic data and have a two-way data exchange interface with the information management system. The storage period for operation logs and fault logs shall be ≥1 month.
Safety and Environmental Protection Requirements
Moving parts shall be painted with safety colors (GB 2893), equipped with safety warning signs (GB 2894) and emergency stop devices (GB/T 16754). Exposed rotating parts shall be equipped with protective covers, and anti-collision buffer devices shall be installed at both ends of the mold platform in the direction of travel. The outer surface temperature of the curing kiln shall be ≤60°C, and the outer surface temperature of the heating pipe protective covers shall be ≤60°C. The control system safety functions shall comply with GB/T 37393, and the data interface safety shall comply with YD/T 3844.
Installation, Commissioning, and Trial Production Specifications
Installation complies with GB 50231. Commissioning is divided into two steps: a single-machine trial run and a no-load, coordinated trial run. The no-load, coordinated trial run duration is: ≥4 hours for flat mold production lines, and ≥2 hours for group mold and fixed mold production lines. Trial production must meet the conditions specified in Appendix A, including requirements for standard sample specifications, ambient temperature, concrete properties, and other requirements.
Performance Test Methods
Appendix B details the test methods for cycle time, production cycle, annual production capacity, and production power consumption. The cycle time test covers key equipment such as the mold placing robot, marking machine, and brick placing boom, and is timed using a stopwatch. The formula for calculating annual production capacity varies depending on the type of production line, and production power consumption is calculated based on the system meter reading.
Implementation Recommendations and Industry Impact
The implementation of this standard will significantly improve the technical level and product quality consistency of prefabricated building concrete panel production equipment. It is recommended that manufacturers: 1) strictly follow the requirements of the standard for equipment design and manufacturing; 2) establish a comprehensive quality control system; 3) strengthen personnel training to ensure operational standards; 4) focus on data collection and analysis, and continuously optimize production processes.
The promotion and application of this standard will promote the coordinated development of the prefabricated building industry chain, promote the industrialization, digitalization, and green transformation of the construction industry, and provide technical support for achieving the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.